by Noha Hassan, Galal EL-Kholy, Amal Omran and Hanan Elzeblawy Hassan
Original Research
Background: Simulation is an educational strategy that can be used to support the process of clinical education. It can help in improving students’ self-esteem through providing an opportunity to practice in a risk-free environment. Aim of the study: study effect of simulation on students' achievement in normal labor modules. Design: A Quasi experimental design. Setting: Maternity nursing lab & lecture class in the faculty of nursing Benha University. Sample: Purposive sample of 60 students were included for each study and control group. Tool: Self-administered questionnaire sheet, observational checklist, students’ satisfaction sheet. Result: There was an improvement in students’ both knowledge and practical skills during process of normal labor. Conclusion: Simulated delivery room classes were an effective training approach; they provide students with practices that result in a higher practical achievements and higher satisfaction scores compared to the conventional training. Recommendations: Maternity nursing students should be provided by variety of simulation-based education on maternity nursing skills to increase level of performance, satisfaction, and self-confidence.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1726-1731. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-21
Pub. Date: December 28, 2018
by Sevim Sevgi
Original Research
This study investigated the pre-service elementary teachers understanding of exponent and how they solve the exponents equations and their different solving techniques and errors. Advanced mathematics automatically develops an understanding of basics of mathematics which is enough to explain and justify the reasonings of basic of arithmetic operations. The sample of the study is seventy-nine first year pre-service elementary teachers at the university of Turkey. Two items solved in detail. Content analysis of these two item solutions were analyzed for pre-service elementary teachers understanding of mathematics and their error patterns. Majority of them solved the items by well know strategies at the books but some of them made basic computation errors. They could not apply the basic exponents rules to solutions. Elementary teachers should learn the basic of rules without computation errors since they were teaching basics of operations. Elementary teaching programs should cover more mathematics courses with ambitious mathematics teaching with basic operations and logic.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1719-1725. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-20
Pub. Date: December 28, 2018
6156 Views1139 Downloads2 Likes
by Jimoh Tijani
Original Research
This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of fill in multiple blanks questions (FIMBQs) in an online auto-graded homework assessments. Different forms of questions that are either numerical or words or both were developed. Results analysis provided feedbacks for formative assessment of teaching and learning.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1715-1718. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-19
Pub. Date: December 28, 2018
5931 Views1728 Downloads
by M.Dahmani Fathallah, Sayed H. Rajab, Hashem A. Al Musawi, Aisha Al Foderi, Farah Al Qabandi, Fatma Al Saad, Haya Al Kanderi, Mashail Al Obaid, Samar Al Abyoki, Fuad Al Habeeb, Fuad Al Hassan, Hameeda Al Maalki, Hessa Al Noaimi, Maha Al Shaalan, Mohammed Al Mannai and Suha Abdullah
Original Research
A harmonized learning outcome is eagerly needed when it comes to teaching complex knowledge, particularly concepts that can be contingent on different perceptions and understanding. No teaching method is currently available, however, about achieving a harmonized learning outcome of puzzling knowledge. To fill this educational gap, we developed an incrementally innovative learning-centered method; the consensual cooperative-learning method (CCL) and tested it on a group of executives enrolled in an innovation management PhD program. This paper describes the CCL method and highlights the potential of combining and building upon self-learning methods in achieving harmonized acquisition of sophisticated knowledge.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1710-1714. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-18
Pub. Date: December 28, 2018
5318 Views2058 Downloads
by Nasser Mohamedhoesein and Maurice Crul
Original Research
This study explores the relationship between students’ social and academic integration, basic psychological needs and academic success. By linking the social and academic integration, which is primarily focused on students’ relationships with peers and staff, to their psychological needs, we examine if need support in daily interactions would predict student success in their first year of college. The participants in this survey study, 140 first-year undergraduates, are enrolled in different universities of applied sciences in The Netherlands. The results of path analysis showed that peer interaction (social integration) directly supports students’ need for relatedness as it establishes close social bonds with peers, while at the same time it indirectly, supports students’ formal interaction with the teacher improving their intellectual involvement in the classroom. Most relevant to academic integration is students’ formal interaction with the teacher, which is mediated through autonomy and competence needs and academic success. Though primary support for academic success can be linked to formal teacher interactions, the indirect support through formal peer interactions should not be overlooked. These findings, at the outset, confirm the importance of need-supportive teachers, but they also point out the importance of need support by peers, which is less emphasized by self-determination theory.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1702-1709. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-17
Pub. Date: December 28, 2018
5456 Views2002 Downloads1 Likes
by Rismalyah Manalu, E.Elvis Napitupulu, Martua Manullang, Delima Simanjuntak and Jetti H. Sinambela
Original Research
The objectives of this study are: (1) Analyzing the presence or absence of differences in mathematical solving abilities between students taught using the scientific approach and the scientific approach assisted by software Autograph, (2) Testing statistically whether or not there is interaction between learning approaches (scientific, scientific assisted Autograph software) and mathematical initial ability (high, medium, low) to mathematical problem solving abilities. The study population is all students of class X Public Senior High School 1 Medan with a total of 464 people who have been distributed into 13 parallel classes, while the research sample is class X students of Mathematics and Natural Sciences-5 as Experiment-I Class and class X Mathematics and Natural Sciences- 6 as Experimental Class-II as many as 68 people. The instrument used is a test of mathematical problem solving abilities. Hypothesis testing uses two-way variant analysis techniques with 2x3 factorial design. In this study using two factors, namely: 1) The learning approach consists of two levels (scientific, scientific assisted software Autograph) and 2) initial mathematical abilities consisting of three levels (High, Medium and Low). The results of the study show: (1) there are significant differences in mathematical problem solving abilities between students taught using a scientific approach and a scientific approach assisted by software Autograph with a difference of = 0.0704, so the use of software Autograph contributes to improving students' mathematical problem solving abilities in the material of equations and inequalities of absolute linear values of one variable. (2) There is no interaction between the learning approach (scientific, scientific assisted Autograph software) and the initial ability (high, medium, low) on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities, so that the effect of the second factor of learning contributes to improving mathematical problem solving skills students and students' initial mathematical abilities only have a very small effect on improving problem solving abilities.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1693-1701. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-16
Pub. Date: December 27, 2018
5739 Views1601 Downloads1 Likes
by Delima Simanjuntak, E. Elvis Napitupulu, Martua Manullang, Rismalyah Manalu and Lamtiur Sinambela
Original Research
The aim of this study is to analyze whether there is enhancement difference of student mathematical problem solving ability (MPSA) taught by guided discovery learning model (GDLM) and direct learning model (DLM). This study is quasi experiment study. The population of this study is seventh grade student of junior high School (SMP N 2 Kutalimbaru). The sample of this study is two classes of seventh grade of junior high School (SMP N 2 Kutalimbaru) which is taken randomly. The experiment class is taught by GDLM and the control class is taught by DLM. The result of this study shows that there is enhancement difference of student MPSA taught by GDLM and taught by DLM. N-gain of student taught by GDLM is higher than student taught by DLM.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1688-1692. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-15
Pub. Date: December 26, 2018
6620 Views2123 Downloads3 Likes
by Le Van Loi
Original Research
Vietnam is a multi-ethnic country comprising 54 ethnic groups with different levels of socio-economic development, language and cultural life characterized by each ethnic community. 53 ethnic minorities in Vietnam accounting for about 13% of the country's population live mainly in the most difficult, divided terrain, poor transportation areas and sparsely populated area. The Government of Vietnam has issued many documents and policies, devoted a lot of investment resources to ethnic minority and mountainous areas, including the policies on the general education for ethnic minority people. These policies have contributed to improve people's intellectual standards, the quality of human resources for ethnic minority people, and socio-economic development for ethnic minority areas in Vietnam in the current context. However, the general education for ethnic minority people still faces many difficulties and challenges, which requires the policy renewal and implementation of general educational policies for ethnic minority people to raise the level of human resources in ethnic minority areas in order to meet the requirements of national renewal in the new period.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1678-1687. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-14
Pub. Date: December 25, 2018
3565 Views1320 Downloads3 Likes
by Jetti H Sinambela, E. Elvis Napitupulu, Mulyono and Lamtiur Sinambela
Original Research
The purpose of this research is to find out whether there are: (1) the effect of discovery learning on mathematical understanding concepts ability, (2) the interaction between instruction and the prior mathematical ability towards mathematical understanding concepts ability. This research is quasi-experimental research. The population is all seventh grade students of Bina Bersaudara in Medan. Sample was taken by using total sampling technique so that the sample of the research was the seventh grade students then using randomly selected the experimental class was treated with discovery learning and control class with conventional learning. The instrument of the research are the mathematical understanding concepts ability test. Data were analyzed by using two way anova. Based on the results of the analysis obtained the results of the study are: (1) there is the effect of discovery learning model on the mathematical understanding concept ability, (2) there is no interaction between instruction and students prior mathematical ability towards mathematical understanding concepts ability.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1673-1677. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-13
Pub. Date: December 24, 2018
4372 Views1378 Downloads1 Likes
by Chih-Hsien Huang
Original Research
This study investigates university students’ modeling process in one modeling activity. The data is collected by students’ individual and group written responses to the mathematical modeling activity, video-taped group discussions and classroom observation by the researcher. The data showed that university students have difficulty in transition between different modes of mathematical representations and the classifications of variables/parameters as known or unknown, implicit or explicit, independent or dependent variables.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1668-1672. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-12
Pub. Date: December 20, 2018
4593 Views2164 Downloads
by Bui Van Hong, Tran Tuyen and Nguyen Thi Luong
Original Research
Teaching capacity, learning outcomes, and the training program of technology teacher in this study aim to guide the training of technology teachers under the program on general education renovation in Vietnam. Based on the analysis of the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) model, the impact of the 4th industrial revolution, and the requirement of technology teacher’s capacity, this study presents the teaching capability of technology teachers including the combination of core competencies (necessary skills in the 21st century), competency in engineering and technology, competency in teaching methods, and competency in the application of technology in teaching. The combination of these competencies in the training program of technology teachers will contribute to the development of technology teachers with full of core competencies, technical and technological knowledges, teaching methods, technology application and teaching method renovation.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1662-1667. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-11
Pub. Date: December 19, 2018
3949 Views1258 Downloads
by ALI Peter Agbom
Original Research
This study was carried out to identify the socio-economic factors affecting quality and effective practical work in senior secondary school physics in Ebonyi state of Nigeria. One research question was developed in line with the purpose of the study. One null hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The population of the study is 207, and the sample comprised one hundred (100) public senior secondary school teachers from the area of study. This sample was drawn using multi-stage sampling technique. A-15 item instrument termed “Physics Practical Work Questionnaire (PPWQ)” was used by the researchers for data collection. The instrument was first validated by three experts and reliability was determined using Cronbach Alpha Statistics and the reliability got was 0.92. The administration and retrieval of instrument were through direct contact and use of research assistants with the respondents. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions while t-test statistics were used for testing the null hypothesis. The findings of the study revealed that items presented are institutional factors affecting quality and effective practical work in senior secondary physics in southeast Nigeria. Findings on the hypothesis tested revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean responses of teachers of physics from Ebonyi and Enugu states on the items presented. It was recommended that government and none-governmental organizations should assist in the provision of the required assistance.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1654-1661. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-10
Pub. Date: December 18, 2018
4005 Views1334 Downloads2 Likes
by Anggita Widyasari Leung, Hasratuddin and Hermawan Syahputra
Original Research
This study aims to: 1) find the learning device based models discovery learningthat meet the criteria aided GeoGebra effective; 2) analyzing the increase in self-regulated learning of students using the learning tools developed. This research is a development research using a four-D model which carried out 4 stages, namely define, design, develop, and dessiminate. The subjects of this study were seventh grade of students at SMP Negeri 1 Stabat. Teaching materials generated from this study are: Learning Implementation Plans (RPP), teacher books (BG), student books (BS), and student worksheets (LKS). From the results of trial trials I and II obtained: 1) learning devices based on discovery learningeffective geogebra-assisted models; 2) there is an increase in self-regulated learning ofstudents by using approach based discovery learninggeogebra-assistedon the first trial to obtain an average score of 69.56%, and an increase in the second trial with an average score of 80.18% .
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1646-1653. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-9
Pub. Date: December 18, 2018
4697 Views1679 Downloads
by Lwazi Sibanda
Original Research
The study examined how secondary schools use proactive teaching social skills strategy to maintain discipline among learners in Bulawayo Metropolitan Province. The study was ingrained in interpretive paradigm, adopted qualitative approach and employed a case study design. Purposive sampling technique was used to select four secondary schools and participants who comprised two education officers, four school heads; four school counsellors, twenty members of the disciplinary committee, forty prefects and four school development committee chairpersons. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews, and were analysed thematically. The study established that learners were taught social skills during guidance and counselling lessons and club sessions which were part of the co-curricular programmes offered in schools. It was found that the topics taught during the teaching of social skills included conduct, relationships, community involvement; decision-making skills, communication skills, drug and substance abuse, career guidance, stress management, honesty and integrity, conflict resolution, assertiveness, self-awareness and health issues, among others. The study also revealed that some learners were engaged in community activities to reach out to underprivileged members of the society. The results further indicated that the teaching social skills strategy was effective because it taught learners to be responsible for their behaviour and contributed to the reduction of unbecoming behaviour cases in schools. Nevertheless, the teaching social skills strategy faced constraints mainly from some teachers¡¯ and parents¡¯ negative attitudes towards social skills activities. The study concluded that the use of proactive teaching social skills strategy yielded positive results as schools exposed learners to multiple activities that contributed to the modification of learner behaviour which created a safe teaching and learning environment. The study recommended that schools should intensify the training programmes for teachers and parents to positively influence their attitudes towards the teaching of social skills in order to reinforce positive behaviour among learners.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1636-1645. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-8
Pub. Date: December 18, 2018
4310 Views2055 Downloads
by Bassam Mahmoud Bany Yassien
Original Research
The role practiced by school principals is multifaceted. As an educational leader, the school principal has an influential power and ethical authority enable him/her to manage the values, organizational culture and the prevailing practices in school. The purpose of the current study is to identify the role practiced by school principals in dealing with student behaviors from viewpoint of teachers at schools attended by female students within Irbid First Educational Directorate. The present study attempts to answer the following questions: What is the degree of female teacher's estimates of the role practiced by female principals in dealing with female student behaviors? Does the degree of female teacher's estimates of the role practiced by female principals in dealing with female student behaviors vary by the academic qualification, experience years and school level? Population consisted of all female teachers (n=4095) at the public schools within Irbid Educational Directorate during the academic year (2017/2018), out of which selected a sample of (390) female teachers. The results that indicated high estimation by respondents to items can be accounted by the fact that such items describe routine practices of school principals such as monitoring student absence and instill Islamic beliefs in students and the like. However, the items that describe nontraditional practices like researching about behavioral problems looking for specialized information were estimated at a moderate or low degree. This could be due that school principal preparation programs implemented pre and in-service are concerned with technical aspects in teaching rather than providing them knowledge and experience about student problematic behaviors which they can employ in classroom situations.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1629-1635. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-7
Pub. Date: December 17, 2018
4704 Views1637 Downloads
by Okanezi Bright and Eguzozie Ngozi Gladys
Original Research
The study focused on the menace of examination malpractice in Nigerian educational institutions and it's implications for national productivity and economy. Examination malpractice is a cankerworm that is posing a serious problem in the Nigerian educational system. The paper not only defined the concept of examination malpractice but also identified the types or forms, the causes or reasons, the effects as well as the ways to eradicate it. This paper also explicates the implications of examination malpractice on national productivity and economy which are majorly negative. Based on the implications, recommendations, were made which inter alia include: proper counselling of students, intensified public enlightenment campaigns, strict interviews to be conducted for candidates seeking admission into schools and applicants seeking employment, emphasis should be on practical performance in lieu of reliance on certificates (paper qualifications).
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1625-1628. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-6
Pub. Date: December 17, 2018
8000 Views2145 Downloads
by Oriji Sunday Athoney and Ukwa Christopher Nwambam
Original Research
Women all over the world play significant and prominent roles in all spheres of human life. The natural potentials possessed by women including their numerical strength had placed them to occupy strategic positions in most African societies. Among over 160 million Nigerians, women like their male counterpart have contributed unquantifiable in many aspects of national development such as politics, peace building, human recourse development, economic resourcefulness, and home managers. Despite all the roles of women in national development, women are still relegated to the background in many ways suffer all sorts of deprivation and humiliation. A woman for change initiative policy was put in place to address women neglect in Nigeria with a view to restoration of women dignity and pride of place in nation building.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1618-1624. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-5
Pub. Date: December 10, 2018
3704 Views985 Downloads
by Verawati, E. Elvis Napitupulu and Waminton Rajagukguk
Original Research
This study aims to determine: (1) differences in the improvement of mathematical problem solving abilities between students given learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) and guided discovery learning, (2) differences in the increase in student motivation given learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) and guided discovery learning, (3) the process of answering students given learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) and guided discovery learning. This research is a quasi-experimental study. The population of this study was all students of class VII of SMP Negeri 1 Pujud and the sample of this study was students of class VII 2 and VII4, each of which is 30 students. The instruments used consisted of: (1) Tests of mathematical problem solving abilities and (2) Questionnaire of student learning motivation. Data analysis was carried out by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that (1) There were differences in the improvement of mathematical problem solving abilities between students given learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) and students who were given guided discovery learning, (2) There were differences in learning motivation between students who were given learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) with students who were given Guided Discovery learning, and (3) the answer resolution process of students with mathematical problem solving abilities given learning Problem Based Learning (PBL) was better because almost all students could solve the problem by fulfilling the scoring rubric of mathematical problem solving abilities compared to Guided Discovery learning.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1609-1617. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-4
Pub. Date: December 07, 2018
8269 Views2256 Downloads
by Dewi Sartika, Arie Arma Arsyad and Mutmainna
Original Research
This was a research and development study which focus on metacognitive strategies to improve the problem solving of physics teacher candidates. Problem solving is viewed as an essential part of physics education for teacher candidates in higher education. Thus, it was necessary to produce a fundamental of physics lesson book which focus on problem solving skills. The objective of this study was to produce a valid physics lesson book. This research was implemented in three phases, namely define, design, and development using the 4-D model of Thiagarajan. Data were collected through validation sheet and had been measured by the experts. Data then analyzed by using descriptive analysis techniques. The result show that the physics lesson book had been declared as a valid instructional device for improving problem solving of physics teacher candidates.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1605-1608. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-3
Pub. Date: December 07, 2018
3826 Views1388 Downloads1 Likes
by AGBA Yoboué Kouadio Michel
Original Research
Our world is now global and diversified. There is a need to prepare students for interactions with people of other cultures. So, language instructors are encouraged to consider linguistic competence as equally important as intercultural competence. This study was conducted during the school year 2017-2018 to explore EFL teachers’ beliefs about the importance of culture teaching and how these beliefs reflect in their classroom practices. It involved fifty-three (53) Ivorian EFL secondary school teachers who were asked to answer a Likert-type questionnaire. The results showed that the participants believed that culture was important in EFL teaching and learning. Yet, a mismatch was found between their beliefs and their actual classroom practices. These preliminary findings are hoped to contribute to a better understanding of the place of culture in EFL teachers’ current practices and to start the reflection on an Ivorian EFL curriculum that matches the new demands of the world today.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1600-1604. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-2
Pub. Date: December 06, 2018
5274 Views2265 Downloads
by Vina Serevina, Wawan Andriana and Anan Fernandianto
Original Research
The purpose of this research is to know whether guided inquiry learning model can improve student’s creative thinking ability of class X-1 Public High School 59 Jakarta. This research is a classroom action research according to Kurt Lewin model: (1) planning, (2) acting, (3) observing, and (4) reflecting. Research was conducted from January 2017 to June 2017 with 36 students at Public High School 59, class X-1, Jakarta, Indonesia as experiment subject. Data was collected through observation, written test and documentation. The result of student’s creative thinking ability obtained by 52,00% for fluency aspect in cycle 1 and 60,57% in cycle 2. Flexibility aspect increased from 44.29% in cycle 1 to 55.71% in cycle 2, originality aspect increased from 49, 52% in cycle 1 to 59,05% in cycle 2, and elaboration aspect increased from 45,71% in cycle 1 to 58,57% in cycle 2. According to the obtained data, it can be concluded that guided inquiry learning model can improve student’s creative thinking ability in fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration aspects.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2018, 6(12), 1593-1599. DOI: 10.12691/education-6-12-1
Pub. Date: December 06, 2018
7483 Views1337 Downloads