by Herwanto Wanto
Original Research
This study aims to analyze accelerated education program implementation, especially (1) input (antecedents), (2) process (transactions), and (3) product (outcomes). The samples were determined by purposive with total number forty eight respondents, includes principal, teachers, students, and parents. The method was based on Stake model with qualitative approaches. Data collection used document analysis, in-depth interviews, structured observations and questionnaire, and were analyzed with descriptive qualitative method with program NVIVO 11, then interpreted narratively with research finding percentages. The result shows that accelerated education program implementation are input at 95.53%, but IQ only reaches 40%, and funding only 60%. Besides, process has an average 100%, unfortunately, teacher’s interest in teaching only 50% and evaluation system at 90%. On the other hands, products mean 100%, but national examination (UN) only 70%. This dissertation is expected, could contribute to knowledge on discovery model / paradigm of accelerated education program.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 828-838. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-20
Pub. Date: July 27, 2017
8519 Views2897 Downloads
by Saad Alzahrani
Original Research
Researchers in the field of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) have been focusing on vocabulary - alongside grammar - more than other language areas and skills [22]. Vocabulary learning has attracted instructional designers and has led to the introduction of a wide range of technologies including courseware, dictionaries, online activities, corpora and concordancing, and computer-mediated communication technologies [38]. To investigate whether the design of these digital resources was theoretically grounded, this paper presents a review of experimental studies on vocabulary CALL for second language learners. In order to inform the future e-learning design, this review aims to explore the most striking SLA cognitive theories - if any - to which designers of multimedia vocabulary CALL drew their interventions. It has been found that most of the previous studies focused on employing multimedia technology on strengthening the link between the form of a word and its meaning with no emphasis on aspects of the word knowledge beyond that. Moreover, for the informants in this review, the design of the intentional language-focused vocabulary CALL software as well as the incidental meaning-focused ones has not been found to effectively operationalise SLA cognitive theories.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 821-827. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-19
Pub. Date: July 26, 2017
7349 Views2141 Downloads
by George Nathan Souza Brito and Milton Ferreira da Silva Júnior
Original Research
This study aimed to delineate, characterize and analyze the Bahian Cigar Production Chain in order to collaborate with the development of the sector and benefit the social environment. Rapid Appraisal (RA) methodology that intensifies the collection of secondary data and allows the combination of informal and formal structured methods were used. This productive chain has existed for more than a century, it is traditional and influences the regional culture, in addition to contributing to the trade balance of Bahia and Brazil, therefore, the federal and state governments have proposed public policies to encourage the sector. However, Agricultural credit was not effective in Bahia, since it registered very low rates of concession. It was found that in Bahia the production of benefited tobacco fell from 7 tons (t) in 2012 to 2.1 t in 2015, as well as the production of cigars that reduced from 15.5 million units in 2012 to 14 million in 2015. The total value of exports of Bahian cigars and cigarillos to international markets fell by 79% (1997 to 2015). It was also verified that in 2015, exempt from taxes, 5.4 t of cigars and cigarillos of Cuban origin, worth approximately US $ 1.3 million, entered in Brazil.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 808-820. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-18
Pub. Date: July 25, 2017
7620 Views2284 Downloads2 Likes
by Baraka Manjale Ngussa and Luicensi Gabriel
Original Research
This study sought to find out about participation in decision making and teachers’ commitment among secondary schools in Arusha city. It employed descriptive comparative design. A total of 159 teachers filled the questionnaires whose reliability was established through pilot study before actual data collection (See appendices). The study concluded that there is significant relationship between participation in decision-making and teachers’ commitment. Teachers are committed to the success of their schools and they are emotionally attached to their career. However, teachers’ commitment and participation in decision-making was higher in private schools than in public schools. Based on findings, it is recommended that school authorities should maximize participation in decision making in order to raise teachers’ commitment.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 801-807. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-17
Pub. Date: July 25, 2017
11314 Views4512 Downloads2 Likes
by Antonia Simon, Charlie Owen and Katie Hollingworth
Original Research
The overall aim of this paper is to examine the types and combinations of childcare being used by parents in Britain, and to compare how this childcare usage may vary between families, in order to critically examine parental childcare needs. The three specific research questions were: 1) ‘What types and combinations of childcare are being used by families?’, 2) ‘What are the socio-demographic comparisons between families using and not using childcare?’ And 3) ‘How do types of childcare vary between families?. These questions were addressed by carrying out a secondary analysis of large-scale nationally representative datasets which provide information about patterns of childcare usage in the UK.Two main datasets were used: the Family Resources Survey and the Childcare and Early Years Survey of Parents, with analysis carried out for the years 2008 to 2013. The analysis carried out comes from a wider study seeking to examine the provision and use of preschool childcare in Britain. The findings show that despite policies to increase the use of formal childcare, parents continue to be reliant on informal care, especially grandparents, to supplement their childcare needs. Furthermore, childcare use is not equally distributed, but is related to family circumstances. For example formal care is used more by employed, higher income families, whilst informal care is used more by mothers who are not employed, less well educated and by younger mothers. The results overall suggest that formal and informal childcare in combination will better support maternal employment. Future government policy needs to address supporting this mixed provision. The data however says nothing about parental childcare preferences which are needed to unpack the observed patterns of childcare usage in the UK.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 794-800. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-16
Pub. Date: July 24, 2017
6920 Views1994 Downloads1 Likes
by Silva Thiago Souza and Cestari Luiz Artur dos Santos
Special Issue
The advent of modernity and its conception of knowledge demanded a strong specialization, an intention of universalization and the neutrality of subject and object in a self-centered process of methodological constructions. This process was on the base of the modern sciences since its emergence during the seventeen century until the nineteen century. This model of science has received critical positions since the second middle of nineteen century but it was questioned as a paradigm in crisis at the second middle of twentieth century when the debate about the crisis of the modernity has opened theory conditions to talk about the emergence of interdisciplinary subjects and other paradigms to understand it. One example of it was the emergence of environmental phenomena. After the impact of the Second World War, the environmental sciences as an interdisciplinary approach arise and will propose an effective communication among knowledge in order to offer a more complex perspective since its emergence in the global context. Nevertheless, the legitimization of the new perspective has not become effective because the power relations and the scientific actions on institutions - mainly in universities - have received interference of their disciplinary powers in which is predominant a modern scientifically perspective. This paper aims at discuss the emergence of environmental phenomena and its institutionalization process at the State University of Southwestern Bahia, understanding the scientific actions of researchers and professors as discursive practices in accord with Michel Foucault theory framework.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 788-793. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-15
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
7246 Views3156 Downloads3 Likes
by Larissa Monique de Souza Almeida Ribeiro and Luiz Artur dos Santos Cestari
Special Issue
This article is a call to reflect on some of the changes made to schools through the policy of extending elementary grade school to a nine-year period, which includes the six year old child and reorganizes the period and the school spaces through a suggested proposal for the curriculum and put the discussion of childhood in school on the agenda. Its main objective is to follow up the child in the curricular movements of the Centro Educational Senador João Calmon, a school in the initial years of elementary grades education located in the Jequié County, State of Bahia, after the implantation process and implementation of the Nine-Years Elementary School Teaching. The methodological contribution is inspired on cartographic research, on the possibility of processes accompanying of subjectiveness, in an attempt to aim the singular processes that make up the subject. In this sense, movements were carried out with the help of research devices, field diaries, conversations and story-making up workshops. In order to do so, it is argued that children’s ways of life are made up by the curriculum, being necessary the discussion about the ordinations and routines, but also about the multiplicities of the rhizomes and the movements with the rhizomatic curriculum, curriculum that is not located on the prescribed document, but which is constructed as a difference.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 782-787. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-14
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
6480 Views2880 Downloads3 Likes
by Jonathas Gomes Moraes
Special Issue
This article aim to present the context of reception of a self - knowledge notion by the Brazilian educational field. What was delimited in the purposes of this analysis was the effect of the migration of an idea between distinct contexts, without the proper theoretical treatment that justified the adoption of the idea by the new context. Thus, we use as data collection some researches carried out in the country at the postgraduate level, in which the subject of self-knowledge was addressed, trying to identify the justifications and the forms of signification for adopting that idea. As a result, using Discourse Analysis, one can see from the enunciates described that the forms of meaning of the self-knowledge notion used by research resemble the prescriptive ways in which self-help literatures have historically used this notion to reach their readership. Therefore, the indication suggests certain techniques to be used by the subjectivities put in the game of the significant relation and meaning, for a supposed dominion of itself.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 776-781. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-13
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
6432 Views2875 Downloads4 Likes
by Euvaldo Cotinguiba Gomes
Special Issue
The article that follows is about presence and development of philosophy teaching in Brazil, trying to understand several elements involved in that process and, above all, how the discipline has always been treated with some neglect within educational process and national educational project. That points out even being present in our history of education that subject has always been in a condition of dispute to assert itself and become present in our curriculum. Finally, we seek to understand philosophy in curriculum and how it is consolidated in context of national basic education.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 770-775. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-12
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
6684 Views2809 Downloads3 Likes
by Rosemary Barbosa da Silva Moura and Luiz Artur dos Santos Cestari
Special Issue
The choice of issue has been an attempt to set on a dialogue about the desire which accompanies many teachers to correct their pedagogical routine in what specifically refers to "teaching", since teacher often takes on the exclusive duty of "making" those who have been entrusted to him during the journey of learning process to get succeed. Motivated by searching of professional success, teacher is taken by a wish to find a teaching "method", a right way to teach, to perform a dynamic, due to the belief that in that space of classroom the student should reach the maximum of learning. Thus, we wanted to bring a counterpoint between theories of learning styles, specifically the theory of experimental learning by David Kolb, who is expert in proposing methods for mapping student learning styles and propose teaching methodologiesversus an approximation of some works of French philosopher Gilles Deleuze who in his way of thinking education has broken all those paradigms.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 762-769. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-11
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
7233 Views3234 Downloads11 Likes
by Dirlêi Andrade Bonfim and Milton Ferreira da Silva Júnior
Special Issue
The present article seeks to articulate some thoughts about environmental issues, about the knowledge of the integration of knowledge and instruments of cultural modern in the everyday practices of labor and make education. In this process, we realize many times that the educational Institutions and training such as the construction organising and articuladoras of knowledge that enable the exchange of concepts, ideas, values and construction of the science, comes in the course of time promoting the encounter between the educator and the learner and between the object of knowledge and the object of education. Presents a discussion on Environmental Education in Brazil, whose analysis of the data, if processed by the method cartographic proposed as path wandering. Thus, the present work has the objective of raising the discussion about the environmental doing in the universe of daily practices of the educational work and to bring to the fore the subjects of education in the broader sense, the plural subject. For that, it was used the revision of the scientific literature with the perspective of bringing to the discussion a look of the knowledge and cultural instruments. It is therefore part of an essentially dynamic educational process that can foster and promote transformation at the same time, within a continuous universe of relevant metamorphoses. That imposes on us all taken positions and at the same time the necessity of not only observing such changes but somehow inserting themselves in that process.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 756-761. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-10
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
6315 Views2724 Downloads1 Likes
by Rubens Jesus Sampaio
Special Issue
This paper presents a methodological proposal for journalistic work in the academy, using the assumptions made by Foucault, Latour, Deleuze and Guattari, among others. It is understood that given the dynamics lived by the current society, the researcher in journalism needs to seek new methodological approaches more appropriate to the particularities that involve his doing, with the final objective to seek satisfactory results for the communication process. In this case, using methods originally formulated by another field of knowledge, with the aim of delineating a new field of continuities and discontinuities in the journalistic narrative practices in vogue. It is up to the researcher to seize the fertility of concepts and work on possibilities of new articulations. The main attempt is to structure in the journalistic method other scientific knowledge handcuffed by Cartography, Network Analysis, existential and material territories and other propositions besides the New Journalism and all the current methods and cognitive presuppositions, which implies a transcendent and Evolution of the methodologies adopted.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 752-755. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-9
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
6123 Views2560 Downloads2 Likes
by Cestari Luiz Artur dos Santos and Gouveia Gleidson
Special Issue
This text aims to discuss a purpose to present a philosophy of education based on the arguments from Deleuze and Gutarri’s thinking, specifically about the concept of plan of immanence. Two tasks are playing at this context. First, the evaluation of modernity will put in debate three important notions from it: the modern project of future, the humanity and individuality. Then, it will point out the end of the modern promises as emancipatory discourses to be achieved in the future and consolidated during the history, as well as the process that have transformed at same time the human beings in subject and the individuality in individualism. At the second task, it will talk about the terms by which we can present a proposal to philosophize in immanence of life, thinking about how education can working as line of escape of the ephemeral capitalist socialization and discussing two concepts of Deleuze and Guatarri’s thinking: affections and perceptions.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 747-751. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-8
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
6558 Views2868 Downloads2 Likes
by Celeste Dias Amorim, Milton Ferreira da Silva Júnior and Luiz Artur dos Santos Cestari
Special Issue
This article aims to discuss the implementation of Environmental Education in undergraduate curricula from the Brazilian legal framework (Constitution 88, National Environmental Education Policy, National Curricular Guidelines for Environmental Education, National Curricular Guidelines). Space for formation of environmental educators was provided, and it was inferred in the role of leadership in cultural and social change, which should be assumed by higher education institutions in the process of technological development. Besides the preparation of students and provision of information that can lead to a critical appropriation of knowledge, attitudes and values: political, social and historical, in terms of a sustainable and fair society.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 739-746. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-7
Pub. Date: July 22, 2017
8257 Views3182 Downloads2 Likes
by Nilufer Saglar Onay
Original Research
Interior architecture is a rapidly developing discipline in the field of environmental design and architecture. During the recent decades it has gained additional importance because of the increased existing building stock and the need to adapt them to contemporary life. Parallel to this, the education activities focusing on the discipline of interior architecture have started to change and develop. This article discusses the importance of structured educational programs in the field of interior architecture by focusing on the example of ITU in both undergraduate and graduate levels.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 732-738. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-6
Pub. Date: July 20, 2017
6631 Views1814 Downloads1 Likes
by Maruli Simbolon, Mulyono, Edy Surya and Edi Syahputra
Original Research
This study aims to determine whether the application of problem solving learning strategy by using macromedia flash can improve student’s critical thinking skills on the subject two variables of linear equation (SPLDV) at class 8th Junior High School) that attended by 25 students. Data obtained from tests analyzed using descriptive statistics with five absolute scales, while data from the observation analyzed by percentage of the total aspects observed. The results showed that the critical thinking ability of students is improved. Indicated by the results of the achievement of the minimum criteria quite well in the first cycle by 40%. In the second cycle amounted to 60% in the third cycle increased to 80%.The results of the observation of teacher ability to manage by problem solving learning strategies by using macromedia flash on the first cycle get 66.4%, so it has not fulfilled the ability of teachers in the classical style 75% in the second cycle and the third cycle reached 87,5%.So that it meets the expected categories according to the benchmark.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 725-731. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-5
Pub. Date: July 19, 2017
8319 Views2988 Downloads2 Likes
by Jack Gladys Uzezi, Danjuma Ezekiel and Abdul-Kadir Musa Auwal
Original Research
Poor performance in chemistry is an indication that students have difficulty in learning and mastering the content and applying these when they are under examination conditions. This study therefore was conducted to identify concepts perceived as difficult by chemistry students in Jalingo metropolis. One hundred and ninety eight SS3 or 12th grade students were randomly selected from six secondary schools offering science subjects within Jalingo metropolis. The data collection tool was Chemistry Difficult Concepts Identification Questionnaires which consisted of two sections. Means and standard deviation where used to analyzed the data collected while t-test statistic was used to test the null hypotheses. Findings showed that the students perceived 12 concepts (63.16 %) as difficult out of the 19 concepts in the questionnaire. Results based on gender showed that, the males perceived 15 (78.95%) concepts in the SSS3 chemistry concepts as difficult, while the females perceived eleven (57.89%) concepts as difficult. On the other hand, single-sex (boys only) perceived 17 concepts as difficult, girls only perceived 13 and co-educational perceived 12 concepts as difficult respectively. While students in rural and urban schools perceived each 11 varied concepts as difficult. The study also revealed that there was a significant influence of gender, school nature and school location on students’ concepts perceived as difficult in the chemistry syllabus of the Nigerian science curriculum. It was however; recommended that more time should be allocated to chemistry for effective teaching of the identified difficult concepts and usage of student-oriented practical activities, as this would help to concretize learnt concepts and reduce poor performances of students in both internal and external examinations.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 710-716. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-3
Pub. Date: July 12, 2017
11103 Views3246 Downloads3 Likes
by Sabah Hejres, Ashley Braganza and Tillai Aldabi
Original Research
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effective of the four leadership styles (directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented) on instructional leadership and teachers job expectancies. However, many schools lack a strong principal as instructional leader. Principals have to transform their practices from managerial to instructional emphasis. Principals need to exercise their leadership by attributing the leadership styles in their role and character, or their role will merely deliver an administrative persona that can only be fit to an administrative area. Furthermore, principal play an important role in promote teachers’ performance and satisfaction which has declined to its lowest point. The study reports the findings from a survey of 536 subjects of teachers, principals and senior chiefs at various levels of primary, elementary and secondary schools across Kingdom of Bahrain. In addition qualitative method using a focus group interview was conducted of senior chiefs. Simple Regression analysis identifies the relation of leadership styles effect on instructional leadership and job expectancies. The findings contribute to practical implementation of conduct a significant relation between instructional leadership and the four leadership styles. Job expectancy effected by the concept of Transactional Leadership. Distributive leadership contributes to decrees of principal managerial work. The supportive leadership style is most prevalent among instructional leadership and males have less interest in applying leadership styles in Kingdom of Bahrain. All the hypotheses were accepted and the null hypothesis was rejected.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 694-709. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-2
Pub. Date: July 05, 2017
14233 Views3591 Downloads2 Likes
by Rinat Arviv-Elyashiv and Adiv Gal
Original Research
In many countries, the shortage of teachers — mainly of mathematics or science teachers — has become an alarming phenomenon over the years. Many studies have sought to explore the roots of this phenomenon. Whereas most studies have focused on the magnitude and determinants of this shortage, the purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that motivate individuals’ decision to become mathematics or science teachers, and the mechanism that supports their continuous engagement in the profession. Data was collected through either a non-anonymous phone call or an online survey. The survey questionnaire consists of four parts. The first part included background information. In the second part, participants rate their motives for selecting teacher training in general and teacher training in mathematics or science in particular. The third part includes items concerning professional identity and the fourth part deals with participants’ attitudes towards the shortage of mathematics and science teachers. Findings indicated that teaching-career decisions are mostly related to intrinsic motivations and personal tendencies. Many participants chose to become teachers as a result of idealistic motives, involving a sense of a mission, the desire to work with young generation, as well as the wish to experience professional fulfilment and develop special interests and proficiency in mathematics or science. Moreover, these features are known to predict positive professional engagement. High levels of internal motivation tend to increase teachers’ sense of satisfaction and appreciation, professional efficacy, and confidence in their career decision. The results suggest that retention among mathematics and science teachers may be classified through a pyramid of needs, which has three layers. The first layer, the basis of the pyramid is comprised of personal needs embedded with intrinsic motivations. The second layer involves the extrinsic motivations, meaning the occupational needs. Decent occupational conditions are needed as a security net, to ensure the continuous development of a caring, enriching and meaningful approach to the educational endeavour. The third layer encompasses the aspects of professional engagement - professional identity needs.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2017, 5(7), 683-693. DOI: 10.12691/education-5-7-1
Pub. Date: July 01, 2017
9599 Views2765 Downloads2 Likes