by Helene Elvstrand and Anna Liisa Närvänen
Original Research
This article presents a study conducted at two different leisure time centers (LTCs) in Sweden. LTC is a voluntary after-school setting that according to the national curriculum should support for example development of values and children’s social skills. The analysis is a part of a larger action research project comprising various research issues relating to LTCs. The present article focuses on the democratic objective of LTCs. The Swedish educational system, of which LTCs form a part, is considered to be rights-based with reference to the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child. The national curriculum stresses citizenship education, and both schools and LTCs are considered venues where children should have the opportunity and ability to practice democracy in their everyday activities. The point of departure in the theoretical framework is children’s participation and agency. This article focuses on data gathered through ‘drawing and talking with children’ that reveals children’s perspectives as to their own participation at LTCs. A total of 19 children participated in the study and were asked to draw a map of their LTC and describe their experiences of participation at the LTC. The results show that children clearly favored activities that, at least to some extent, could be carried out with less adult supervision, such as free, unstructured play. Opportunities to participate were described in terms of formal proceedings such as voting or writing suggestions and depositing them in the suggestion box. The children also described their participation in terms of opportunities to make individual choices in accordance with their preferences. When asked to name obstacles to participation, the children mentioned rules that were decided on by adults, and fixed routines that structured the children’s afternoon hours in terms of both time and space.late termination of pregnancy
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 496-503. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-10
Pub. Date: May 03, 2016
11648 Views6966 Downloads
by Joanna Shaw, Mark Whitbread and Rachael T Fothergill
Original Research
In July 2001, the London Ambulance Service NHS Trust (LAS) introduced furosemide for use by paramedics to treat pulmonary edema secondary to left ventricular failure (LVF). In 2002, a clinical audit identified that paramedics had difficulty distinguishing pulmonary edema secondary to LVF from other conditions, and also had issues with drug administration records. As a result, LAS training packages were reviewed in line with the drug dosage guidelines, which were reissued nationally in 2006. Later publications on furosemide use highlighted some concerns about the accuracy of pre-hospital diagnosis of pulmonary edema. A retrospective re-audit was conducted for 246 cases where furosemide was administered. All clinical records were assessed by clinical audit staff and a clinical advisor, who examined appropriateness of furosemide use in line with the national guidelines. Patient diagnoses upon arrival at hospital were requested for every patient; 166 patient diagnoses were received. The re-audit findings showed patients administered furosemide received a thorough assessment of their observations and appropriate drug administration records, h. owever, only 46% of patients received a hospital diagnosis that indicated pre-hospital furosemide administration was appropriate. The re-audit results indicated the concerns identified in the initial LAS furosemide clinical audit, relating to drug documentation and dosage, were resolved. However, the review of the appropriateness of administration of furosemide demonstrated that it was often used when not indicated. This low figure of diagnostic accuracy supports published evidence, and further demonstrates the difficulties of identifying pulmonary edema secondary to LVF in the pre-hospital setting. As a result of the potential side effects of administering furosemide when it is not indicated the LAS made the decision to withdraw furosemide as a treatment for pulmonary edema.drug prescription card
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 491-495. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-9
Pub. Date: May 03, 2016
10478 Views3990 Downloads1 Likes
by Huan Cheng-lin and Chen Jian-wei
Original Research
In recent years, MOOC has become a global innovative movement in education, also caught the attention of the higher education in china. Some traditional universities have joined MOOC movement and cooperated with foreign MOOC platforms and domestic internet enterprises to provide MOOC and translated some MOOCs into Chinese to meet the domestic learning demand. Facing the MOOC movement, colleges and universities must re-examine their own positioning according to the actual situation to choose the corresponding development countermeasure. This paper will conduct SWOT analysis on the conditions of developing MOOC in higher education of china in order to provide policy reference.linzess patient assistance
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 488-490. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-8
Pub. Date: April 28, 2016
8668 Views3794 Downloads1 Likes
by Vilani Sachitra
Original Research
Scholarly components are more essential to the modern tertiary education, especially concern on management studies. Research competence is very important in relating to apply obtained knowledge in creative ways and create new knowledge. Current market requirements require at least minimum research competencies in order to endure the changes in technological and human resource. In recent times it has been identified that undergraduates’ interest towards engaging with a research is getting declined. The main intention of the study is to investigate the effect of beliefs, self-efficacy, attitudes, and motivation on undergraduates' interests in doing research. The present study is of exploratory and descriptive in nature. One hundred and eighty undergraduates from Department of Commerce who had already completed research methodology course unit were participated in the study. All students were invited to voluntary participation to answer the structured questions. Undergraduates’ responses were analyzed through mean comparison using SPSS version 21. Undergraduates believe research as stressful, complicated and difficult task, and generally they have negative attitudes towards research. Since they have knowledge and skill required to do research, language barrier and lack of academic support need to be conquered.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 484-487. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-7
Pub. Date: April 28, 2016
11791 Views4360 Downloads
by Kudakwashe Mutangi
Original Research
Different factors affecting academic performance of students in biostatistics at Harare Institute of Technology were considered. A questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection and was distributed to all students who had done the biostatistics course and were present on campus. Coursework marks were used as a measure of performance. Factors considered in this investigation were age of students, gender, high school achievement, lecture attendance, type of accommodation, time spend studying the course per week, family income, birth order, family size, achievement in ordinary (O’Level) and advanced level (A’Level) maths and the student’s studying method. The students were also asked to rate the knowledge of the lecturer and give suggestions on how the pass rate in biostatistics could be improved. A stepwise regression method was used to select those factors linearly correlated with coursework which significantly affected performance. Chi-squared tests were used to check the association between categorical variables while correlations were used to assess linear relationships between quantitative variables. Results from stepwise regression indicated that high school achievement (number of points at A’Level) affected performance. Age of students and gender were associated with performance.coupons for viagra
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 479-483. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-6
Pub. Date: April 27, 2016
10813 Views4677 Downloads1 Likes
by Milton Antonio Zaro, Léa da Cruz Fagundes, Fábio Teutto Rocha and Walter Cezar Nunes
Original Research
Most studies on entrepreneurial behavior did not show any feasible support to the thesis that entrepreneurs are different from non-entrepreneurs. However, with the use of neuroscience techniques there was a shift from the research on entrepreneurship to other possible sources of observation. Entrepreneurship education, combined with the neuroscience interdisciplinarity, allows the use of techniques like Cognitive Brain Mapping - CBM in the development of the teaching-learning process. Even though other branches of neuroscience use successfully this technique, its application in entrepreneurial behavior is a novelty in the study. This study describes the pilot test of the Cognitive Brain Mapping experimented with both established entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs, seeking to identify a standard behavior among neural clusters in the moments of search and discovery of business opportunities and the propensity to risk while exploring these opportunities. In this research the CBM was done with the use of the electroencephalogram (EEGq) interconnected to a computer equipped with Enscer® softwares. The neural maps of real entrepreneurs suggested that the right and left frontal areas of the brain were activated both at the time of the search and discovery of opportunities and at the time of propensity to take the risks to explore, while non-entrepreneurs showed distinct neural organizations during the two periods. The preliminary results of this research combined to similar studies developed by other researchers, in the light of neuroscience, may direct a new methodological approach in entrepreneurship education.late termination of pregnancy
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 472-478. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-5
Pub. Date: April 27, 2016
13454 Views5882 Downloads28 Likes
by Chris Astall and Jackie Cowan
Original Research
Wikis have potential for facilitating learning in the online environment but studies have identified varying degrees of success. The implementation of a new learning management system at the university provided a context for course instructors to explore the potential of web2.0 tools to facilitate collaborative learning. This research sought to understand teacher education students’ experiences of working collaboratively using a wiki as the participatory technological web2.0 tool. The research study involved pre-service education teachers enrolled as either on-campus or distance (flexible) students in a compulsory first year curriculum paper. A quantitative and qualitative methodology was used to determine learner perspectives on working within a collaborative learning space. Working collaboratively using a wiki as a participatory technological tool was new to most pre-service teachers. Results from this study indicated that their experiences towards collaborative learning remained positive despite a number of challenges. Whilst each group’s experiences varied, we identified three contributing factors to pre-service teacher’s use of wiki as a collaborative learning tool. The student experiences were discussed in relation to the three factors supporting the development of collaborative learning: positive relationships, the role of the course instructor, and the web2.0 technology.bystolic generic name
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 459-471. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-4
Pub. Date: April 23, 2016
18964 Views7287 Downloads2 Likes
by Lamiaa Ismail Keshk, Shereen A Ahmed Qalawa and Sanaa Abd El-Azim
Original Research
Background: In Nursing Field competence is crucial to ensuring secure, moral and legal nursing performance. A variety of instruction approaches' are used in nursing instruction to improve graduate proficiency. The Problem Based Learning approach to learning in medical education can be considered as the mainly significant educational advance in the previous 35 years. Problem-based learning is promoted as a mean to facilitate critical thinking and self-directed learning among nursing students. Several nursing curriculums are using Problem-based learning in an attempt to help undergraduates to develop advanced level skills correlated with professional nursing performance. Aim: To evaluate efficiency of the Problem Based Learning Course at of in and KSA. Subject and methods: A descriptive analytic study design was conducted. The study sample was consists of 140 undergraduate nursing students in Port Said University, Egypt and 74 from Qassim University of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results: This study revealed that the mean of Qassim nursing students were higher than mean of Port Said nursing students regarding items related to efficiency of course teaching by PBL with statistically significance difference between both groups. Conclusion: These findings revealed that Qassim university students were more satisfying with efficiency of the course teaching by PBL comparing with Port - Said university students with statistically significance differences between two groups.
American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 450-458. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-3
Pub. Date: April 23, 2016
15447 Views6326 Downloads1 Likes
by Darwin Don M. Dacles, Dominga C. Valtoribio, Fe Yolanda G. Del Rosario, Claribel A. Matias and Marlon U. Saludarez
Original Research
Factors contributory to the involvement in research and research-related activities among Catholic university professors were determined, along the institutional research initiatives and the national goals on research, and the extensiveness of convergence among the trifocal functions of the institution in cultivating a research culture. The study revealed that the faculty members’ involvement is dependent on the institution’s support in making research an essential part of the organizational culture. The presence of a research unit, financial reward and merit system, expertise, research capability programs and institutional policies were found as major contributory factors, while utilization of research output was considered the weakest.coupons for viagra
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 439-449. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-2
Pub. Date: April 21, 2016
11366 Views6410 Downloads18 Likes
by Gokhan Savas
Original Research
The purpose of this study was to examine gender and racial/ethnic differences in high school achievement measured by students’ high school GPAs and their standardized math and reading test scores. The Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 was used to investigate the following question: To what extent do school behaviors, attitudes toward school/teacher, students’ educational expectations, and parental involvement and expectations impact gender and racial/ethnic differences in high school achievement? Results supported gender-role socialization theory given that female students than their male counterparts have higher educational expectations, parental support and expectations. Male students are more likely to have negative school behavior and are also more likely to spend less time on homework compared to female students. The results suggested that oppositional culture does not account for racial/ethnic differences but for gender differences in high school achievement given that gender differences in school resistance and educational expectations are consistent whereas race/ethnic differences are not.discount prescription coupons
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American Journal of Educational Research. 2016, 4(6), 427-438. DOI: 10.12691/education-4-6-1
Pub. Date: April 21, 2016
12990 Views4962 Downloads